Краудфандинг как инструмент инвестиционных возможностей и демократизации финансирования малого и среднего бизнеса - стр. 4
Второй раздел посвящен рискам краудинвестинга, мотивам обращения к нему эмитентов и инвесторов, факторам инвестиционной привлекательности эмитентов на краудфандинговых платформах, особенностям правового регулирования краудфандинга в разных странах и регионах мира.
В третьем разделе исследуется активно развивающийся как за рубежом, так и в России краудлендинг – вид краудфандинга, являющийся инструментом заемного финансирования и представляющий собой альтернативу банковскому кредитованию для МСБ.
Executive summary
The development of digital technologies in the financial sector in recent years has become a driver for the active use of innovative tools for financing companies and the emergence of new segments, indicating fundamental changes in financial markets. There is a diversification of channels for the capital flow among market participants in the context of digitalization. Alternative financing instruments demonstrate confident growth and attractiveness for investors. Equity crowdfunding (or crowdinvesting) is becoming one of the actively developing alternative financing tools for small and medium-sized, fast-growing businesses. It is raising funds through investments from a wide range of investors, which is conducted by issuing shares. It is a process of capital flow between issuers of securities and investors, through intermediaries – online portals called crowdfunding platforms. The development of equity crowdfunding leads to a decrease in the monopoly of stock exchanges in providing platforms for financing, trading securities, and, importantly, in performing an informational role in setting prices for financial assets.
The total value of alternative financing transactions in 2020 was $6.1 billion, of which $5.2 billion came from equity crowdfunding. The shares of the European, American and Chinese alternative financing markets in 2020 amounted to 38 %, 20 % and 19 % of the global market, respectively. In the US, in 2020, the amount of financing through this instrument was 105 % higher than in 2019, and the number of new companies financed exceeded the level of 2019 by 91 %.
According to Facts & Factors, the volume of the global crowdfunding market was about $13.5 billion in 2021 and is projected to grow to about $28.2 billion by 2028. At the same time, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) will be about 11.8 % during this period. North America is expected to grow at the fastest pace, with an annual growth rate of 4.8 %. This is due to the rapid growth in the number of start-ups. According to the results of 2021, the highest share of crowdfunding volume was in Europe – 43.5 %. The Asia-Pacific region is projected to be the largest and most developed, and by 2028 it will account for the largest share of global funding. In 2022, the size of the global crowdfunding market was estimated at $14.9 billion. According to some forecasts, in the period 2021–2026, on average, the annual growth of the crowdfunding market will be 16 %, according to other estimates, it is expected that in the period from 2023 to 2030 the compound annual growth rate will be observed at the level of 16.7 %.