Наземные и морские экосистемы - стр. 7
According to the resolution on the 3rd International Polar Year 2007–2008 running which was adopted by the WMO Congress the main effort for cooperation within the implementation of its tasks was anticipated for the current definition and assessment of future changes in climate and environment of polar areas. For the first time in the IPY practice wider directions of polar research and the inclusion in the IPY scientific program of projects related to research, assessment and monitoring of polar marine and terrestrial biota and ecosystems, and natural and anthropogenic factors affecting them were considered.
Taking this into account in 2005 within the framework of the Programme for Fundamental Research of RAS Presidium and the Department of Earth Sciences RAS directions of various integrated research of the Arctic and the Antarctic were formulated. The research of marine and terrestrial ecosystems was touched upon as well. Special meetings devoted to IPY preparation which were conducted in 2005 and 2006 have shown a high potential of RAS scientific institutions and Federal Service of Russia on Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment (Roshydromet) and their willingness to conduct researches in this direction.
In 2006 the IPY Interagency Research Coordination Committee was created for participation of the Russian Federation in the preparation and conducting of activities of the International Polar Year (IRRC) under the leadership of I.E. Frolov. The Commitee included representatives of leading institutions of the Russian Federation, conducting polar researches. Last meetings of IRRC determined the range of issues of this body, figured out ways to coordinate researches in the Arctic and Antarctic and expertise of proposals to the IPY national scientific program. The core array of proposals into the direction «Terrestrial and marine ecosystems of the Arctic and the Antarctic» (co-leaders G.G. Matishov and A.A. Tishkov) of the IPY National scientific program, which have passed a long coordination and approval, was consistent with goals, objectives and priorities of current polar researches of biota and marine and terrestrial ecosystems. All selected projects (over 50) represented the world level, were competitive in the «scientific market» of the polar research, had a real chance to perform works and to get a striking result at the end of the IPY in Russia.
Even during the formation of the IPY national program there was a critical issue of the absence of proposals for a national program from some specialized institutions leading long-term world-known works in the Arctic like the Botanical Institute RAS, the Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, the all-Russian Research Institute for Environmental protection, institutes and research centers in Arkhangelsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Magadan, Yakutsk and Vladivostok, including regional research centers in the Arctic. This is largely determined by the fact that the trust funding of projects of the national IPY program on this direction was not planned, and available international contacts of scientists from these organizations allowed to find other forms of participation in IPY researches. Materials presented in this volume were also obtained during projects, which were carried out under the national program. Those projects did not receive additional funding and got one from funds of certain institutions. Additional financing of works from international or national sources (IPY project) is stipulated in special references.